Chicago pregnancy boys

Special Projects Highline. HuffPost Personal Video Horoscopes. Follow Us. The advertisements, which are plastered across city buses and trains in Chicago, read: "Unexpected? Most teen pregnancies are. Avoid unplanned pregnancies and STIs. Use condoms. Or wait. That is, until you place that message above the head of a teenage boy with what seems to be a pregnant belly protruding above his blue jeans.

Then the ads become just plain weird. The funding is for evidence-based youth development programs that are shown to reduce teen pregnancies by more than 50 percent and increase attendance and graduation rates. The ads direct teens to BeYouBeHealthy. Visit The Shop. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Buy the magazine. The researchers analyzed records from boys, ages , who were referred to outpatient clinics for behavior problems.

Among the 24 percent of mothers who reported smoking more than half-a-pack of cigarettes a day during pregnancy, 80 percent of their sons had conduct disorder. In comparison, conduct disorder was diagnosed in approximately 50 percent of the boys whose did not smoke. Approximately 5 percent of all children in the United States, ages 4 to 17, suffer from conduct disorder, which involves chronic, serious anti-social behavior problems. Symptoms include frequent and persistent lying, fire-setting, vandalism, physical cruelty, forcible sexual activity, or stealing that begins much earlier than normal juvenile delinquency and is much more severe.

These adults account for ten percent of all criminals but commit 50 percent of all crimes. The overwhelming costs related to mental health, physical health, substance abuse, special education, and incarceration for children with conduct disorder, and adults with antisocial personality disorder, place a huge burden on their families and on society.

Because treatment is rarely effective, the key is prevention. The study authors suggest that maternal cigarette smoking is an important factor in conduct disorder because nicotine may disrupt fetal brain development. Research with animals suggests that nicotine directly affects the developing brain of the fetus, but there is not sufficient evidence to reach the same conclusion for humans.

It is also possible that maternal smoking is not causally related to, but is a marker for some yet unknown risk factor for conduct disorder.